Background. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to fundamentally change medicine within the coming decades. Radiological imaging is one of the primary fields of its clinical application. Objectives. In this article, we summarize previous AI developments with a focus on oncological radiology. Based on selected examples, we derive scenarios for developments in the next 10 years. Materials and methods. This work is based on a review of various literature and product databases, publications by regulatory authorities, reports, and press releases. Conclusions. The clinical use of AI applications is still in an early stage of development. The large number of research publications shows the potential of the field. Several certified